The Kakrapar Atomic Power Project (KAPP) achieved a significant milestone on December 17, 2023, as Unit 4, a 700 MW Pressurised Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), achieved criticality for the first time at 01:17 hrs. This accomplishment marks a crucial step in India’s pursuit of self-reliance in the nuclear energy sector.
The achievement of criticality, the start of a controlled fission chain reaction, comes after rigorous reviews and clearances from the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), attesting to the plant’s adherence to strict safety standards. KAPP-4 is the second in a series of sixteen indigenous PHWRs of 700 MW each, contributing to India’s commitment to expanding its nuclear power capabilities.
Following the successful criticality, KAPP-4 will undergo a series of experiments and tests, with the power level gradually increasing in accordance with AERB clearances. This process will ultimately lead to the full power operation of the unit, contributing to India’s growing energy needs.
KAPP-4, along with KAPP-3, is located at Kakrapar in the Surat district of Gujarat, adjacent to the existing reactors KAPS 1&2. These indigenous PHWRs boast advanced safety features, positioning them among the safest reactors globally. The design, construction, commissioning, and operation of these reactors are a testament to the spirit of AtmaNirbhar Bharat, with Indian industries and companies playing a pivotal role in the supply of equipment and execution of contracts.
The criticality event was witnessed by B.C. Pathak, CMD of NPCIL, who expressed his congratulations to all NPCIL employees for this significant achievement. He highlighted that achieving criticality for KAPP-4 within six months of the commercial operation of Unit-3 showcases NPCIL’s strength across all aspects of nuclear power, including design, construction, commissioning, and operation. Shri Pathak urged the team to work towards the swift completion of units currently under construction.
NPCIL presently operates 23 reactors with a total capacity of 7480 MW and has nine units, including KAPP-4, under construction with a capacity of 7500 MW. Additionally, 10 more reactors with a total capacity of 7000 MW are in pre-project activities, expected to be completed progressively by 2031-32.
This achievement reinforces India’s commitment to sustainable and self-reliant energy solutions, further solidifying its position in the global nuclear energy landscape.
